Angularly adjustable coupling



March 279 E945.- H C, EDWARDS 2,'3728@ A1\I ftJI..ARLYA ADJUSTABLECOUPLING Filed June l2. 1941 f 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Mar. 27, 1945UNITED STATES Pa'risu'rl oFFicE ANGULARLY ADJUSTABLE COUPLING Herbert C.Edwards, Massillon, Ohio, assignor to The Timken Roller Bearing Company,Canton, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Application June 12, 1941, SerialNo. y397,715

(ci. i4-24)I Claims.

This invention relates to angularly adjustable couplings, particularlyhydraulic timing coupiings or governors for fuel pumps for compressionignition engines. the present invention is to utilize the varyingpressure developed by the fuel pump for automatically regulating thetime ofinjection of the Theprincipal object of fuel lnaccordance withthespeed of the engine.

Other objects are simplicity and cheapness of construction andcompactness of design. The invention consists in the hydraulic timingdevice and in the construction, combinations and arrangements of partshereinafter described and claimed.

In4 the accompanying "drawings, which form part of this specificationand wherein like sym-` bols refer to likel parts wherever they occur,

Fig. 1 is a side 4elevational view of a'Diesel engine fuel injectionpump provided with a hyj draullcally actuated timing mechanism orgovernor embodying my invention,

Fig. 2 is an elevational view of the governor shown in Fig. l,

on the lines 5 5 and 8 4, respectively, in Fig. 4, 35

Figa? is a horizontal V fragmentary section on the line 1-1 in Fig. 3;and

Fig. 8 is a vertical fragmentary section on the line 8 3 in Fig. 3. KInthe accompanying drawings, my invention is illustrated inconnection'with a pump for the fuel injection system of a compressionignition engine. The pump apparatus illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings is of the type shown in my co-pending application, Serial No.364,232,

filed November 4, .1940, and comprises three superposed, rigidlyconnected sections, namely, an upper fuel supply pump section A thatcommuni-- cates through a fitting 4 and conduit 5 with a fuel supplytank `(not shown), an intermediate fuel injection pumpl section B havinga plurality '.'of fuel discharge conduits 31, one for each enginecylinder, and a lower base section C containing the driving mechanism.for the fuel injection pump.

'I'he lower or fuel section C of thebase pump comprises a housing 45,which contains the mechanism for continuously reciprocating androtating, the pump plunger 3,3. This mechanism comprises a cam shaft 46extending horizontally through the lower portion of the housing 45 belowand at right angles to the pump plunger 33. The cam shaft 46 is drivenby or in unison with the engine and is adapted to rotate a cam 41 havingidentical circumferentially spaced lobes corresponding in number tothenumber of dischargeA passageways 34 of the injection pump. The cam shaftis supported in suitable roller bearings 48 mounted in alined openingsin opposite ends of the housing 45. Surrounding the cam shaft 4,6adjacent to the driven end thereof is a'suitable oil seal- 49 that issupported in an opening provided therefor in a plate 50 that isremovably secured said housing 45 by cap screws 50a.

The lobes of the cam.: 41'are adapted to suc 'cessively engage a tappetroller 5I that is loury naled on a pin 53 carried by a cylindricaltappet block 54 having an outer shell 56 rigid therewith. This tappetblock is reciprocable in an up right cylindrical guide sleeve 59 that isdisposed in a vertical bore 60 that leads upwardly through the top ofthe housing from the cam shaft receiving opening therein; and saidtappet guide sleeve has an outstanding peripheralA ange 6I at the topthereof that rests on an annular seat 62 provided therefor in saidvertical bore. The tappet block 54 has a diametrical T-slot 65m the topthereof adapted to receive a grooved lower end portion 65 of the pumpplunger 33, whereby said tappet block and plunger are connected`together for joint reciprocating vmovement but may be disconnected byrelative movement crosswise of the plunger axis. The upward or pressurestroke is imparted tothe pump plunger 33. by the engagement of the lobesof the cam 41 with the tappet roller 5Iv carried by the lower end ofsaid plunger. The downward or suction stroke is imparted to the plunger33 by a coil compression plunger retracting spring 51,.which surroundsthe tappet guide sleeve with its lower end seated' on an outstandingbasenange 58a on the tappet shell 55 and with itsunder end nearingagainst the upper side of the cut standing base flange 6I `of saidtappet guide sleeve.

In accordance with the present invention,

means are provided for circumferentially adjust- Y ingthe pump operatingcam '4l relative to the cam shaft 45 during rotation to advance or re-Il tard the time of thefuel injection; and this timing means isoperatively connected to the supply pump for automatic operation by thepressure' r developed by the supply pump A. This timing device comprisesa sleeve having the cam 41 formed thereon or rigid therewith. Thissleeve,

The driving connection between the cam-shaft 46 and the cam sleeve |00comprises a tubular coupling member |02 that is disposed in axialalinement with said cam shaft at the inner end thereofY and has twodiametrically opposed lon gitudinally disposed arms or branches |03 thatextendbetween said cam shaftand sleeve mounted thereon. These splines orbranches |03 of the coupling member |02 iit within and are slidablelengthwise of diametrically opposed longitudinal peripheral grooves |04in the cam shaft 46, thereby providing an axial sliding drivingconnection between said cam shaft and said coupling member. The branches|03 of the coupling member |02 have series 0f external teeth or ribs|05v that are disposed at an oblique angle to the axis of said memberand intermesh with a corresponding series of teeth or ribs |06 formed inthe borev of the cam sleeve |00. By this arrangement, the rotary motionof the cam shaft 46 is transmitted tothe cam sleeve |00 through thecoupling member |02 in all positions of axial adjustment of the latter,Awhile axial movement of said coupling causes relative rotary movement ofsaid cam shaft and sleeve, thereby advancing of retarding the cam 46with respect to the cam shaft, depending I on the direction of axialsliding movement of |01 that is reciprocable in a horizontal bore |08provided therefor in the lower portion of a housing D that is securedlatwise to the adjacent end face of the injection pump housing C. Thehorizontal piston supporting bore |08 is disposed in axial alinementwith the horizontal cam shaft receiving bore of the injection pumphousing C and' the piston |01 cooperates' with the closed inner endofthe bore |08 to form a pressure space or chamber |09 inwardly'of saidpiston. The pisend thereof that snugly fits the cylindrical wall of thepressure space or chamber |09 and is tightly clamped to the end wall ofsaid piston round an axial stud ||0 thereon by means of a clampingwasher ||0 and a nut |20 threaded on said stud.

The piston |01 is slid endwise against the pressure of the springs ||2and HS by means of fluid pressure developed by the supply pump A forthe'fuel injection pump B. The connection between the supply pump A andthe pressure space or chamber |00 of the fuel injection timing devicecomprises a passageway 85h which opens through the side wall of thehousing 45 and is `connected by a ferrule 00a to a passageway 05e in thehousing D. This passageway 85e opens at its inner end into the pressurespace or chamber |00 between the inner end of the bore |08 in saidhousing and the piston |01 working in said bore. The passageway 05c isprovided with an extension or branch 06d that opens into the lower endof a bore |2| that leads downwardly through the top of the housing D.

The lower end portion of the bore |2| is threaded to receive a needlevalve |22 for controlling the size of the orifice |23 between the branchpassageway 85d and said bore. The needle valve |22 has a diametricalbore |24 therein below the threaded portion thereof and an axialpassage-Y way or bore |25 leading upwardly from said diametrical boreand opening through the top of said valve, thereby permitting passage ofthe fluid pressure through said valve when the latter is open; The upperend of the bore |2| for the valve |22 is closed by a screw plug |2|a,which is spaced above the upper end of said valve to provide a chamber|28 therebetween; and this chamber communicates through a horizontalpassageway |21 with a conduit or passageway |28 that leads from thehousing D to the fuel supply tank for the fuel supply pump.

By the arrangement described, the pressure developed by the supply pumpA is utilized for automatically adjusting the timing coupling |02 tothereby advance or retard the cam sleeve E00 with respect to the camshaft 46 while the latter is rotating and thus change the timing of thefuel injection. The supply lpump A, delivers a fixed quantity of fuelper stroke, and the pressure necessary to deliver this fuel to theinjection pump will vary according to the square of ton |01 is anoutwardly opening cup-shaped piston that is adapted to receive theclosed end of the coupling member |02; and said end of. said couplingmember abuts iiatwise against the end face of a hardened stud or buttonH0 that is press fitted in an axial recess i provided therefor in theend wall of said piston. The closed lend of the coupling member |02 isheld against the button ||0 provided therefor in the piston |01 by meansof a coil compression spring H2 having one end seated within an axialrecess I3 provided therefor in said end of said coupling member and theother end seated in an axial seat ||4 provided therefor in the adjacentend of the cam shaft 46.

The piston |01 is shifted inwardly in the bore the speed of rotation ofthe cam shaft 45. Thus, this supply pump pressure will increase as thespeed of the engine increases and thus cause the operating piston |01 ofthe timing device to move against the pressure of the springs ||2 and M5and force the timing coupling |02 axially of the cam shaft 46 and thecam sleeve |00 driven thereby. During this movement of the couplingmember |02, the helical or oblique rib-and-groove connection |06, |06between said member and the cam sleeve |00 will produce a, phase change|08 by means of a coil compression spring H6 that surrounds the couplingmember |02 and has one end seated in the cup portion of said piston andthe other end supported in an annular spring seat member IIB that fitswithin the adjacent end of the horizontal cam shaft receiving bore inthe injection pump housing C. The piston |01 has a rubber packing ring||1 xed to the inner between the cam shaft 46 and said cam sleeve, andthus bring about a change in the timing of the fuel injection. Thetiming may be adjusted to suit diierent engine characteristics byproviding springs 2 and ||5 of different strength of deflection. lThetiming device may be manually adjusted by means of a screw |29 that isthreaded through the housing D in abutting relation to the axial stud H0on the timing control piston |01. The housing D may be provided with anopening leading from the pressure space or chamber |00 and normallyclosed by a screw plug |30 so as to allow the escape of air from saidspace

